Workflow: dev, staging, and production Workers without cross-talk
# Workflow: multi-environment Workers
## 1. Environment matrix
Define each environment (`dev`, `staging`, `production`) with its own complete set of bindings: D1 databases, KV namespaces, R2 buckets, queues, DO namespaces. The production database binding must not exist in any other environment's config.
## 2. Secrets per environment
`wrangler secret put --env [name]` for each environment. Declare required secrets in config so deploys fail fast when one is missing. Audit: list secrets per environment quarterly; stale secrets are a breach surface.
## 3. Routes per environment
Each environment needs its own routes or custom domains: `staging.example.com/*` vs `example.com/*`. A staging deploy without its own route either does not serve or, worse, serves on an unexpected hostname.
## 4. Compatibility dates pinned
Pin the same compatibility date across environments. Dates 2026-08-04 and later enable `nodejs_compat` behavior by default: a date difference between staging and production is a behavior difference.
## 5. Promotion flow
Local dev -> preview URL (PR) -> staging deploy + smoke tests -> production deploy + tail. Smoke tests touch every binding (write and read), not just the HTTP surface.
## Checklist
- No shared bindings between staging and production, ever.
- Routes, secrets, and dates verified per environment before each promotion.
- Staging data is disposable; production data is not. Make that true in the config, not just in policy.Find related guidance
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