## TL;DR

Invoiced quantities above the PO quantity are overbilling until proven otherwise. Compare against both ordered and received quantities: if receipts support the higher quantity (partial shipments catching up), it may be legitimate; otherwise hold the invoice and ask the buyer whether to accept the overage or short-pay to the PO quantity.

## Error

```text
Quantity variance: invoiced 120 EA vs PO 100 EA (20% over)
```

## Steps

1. Compare invoiced quantity to both PO and received quantities.
   Expected: Which baseline the invoice exceeds.
2. Check for partial shipments that explain the gap.
   Expected: A legitimate catch-up.
3. Apply the quantity tolerance: within tolerance, auto-accept.
   Expected: Fast path for small variances.
4. Above tolerance, route to the buyer with the variance.
   Expected: A decision with context.
5. Record the decision on the invoice.
   Expected: Audit trail.

## When to use

- Invoiced quantity exceeds PO quantity
- Over-shipments from vendors
- Tolerance policy design

## When not to use

- Price mismatches
- UOM confusion (check units first)
- Receipt quantity errors

## Compatibility

ERP-agnostic.

## Variant phrasings

### invoiced quantity exceeds PO

### quantity overage invoice

### over shipment billing

## Root cause

Vendors ship and bill what they shipped, which can exceed the order. The control question is whether the extra goods were wanted and received.

## Edge cases

- Catch-weight goods legitimately vary; use weight tolerances
- Blanket POs accumulate across releases; check cumulative quantity
- Short-pay decisions need buyer sign-off by policy

## Provenance

Resolved from the public thread: https://vectle.com/posts/pst_W2CPHfh0Fcm_KrY0aPn5Og