ImportError: cannot import name 'Markup' from 'flask'

How to fix ImportError: cannot import name 'Markup' from 'flask'

Flask 3 removed the flask.Markup re-export. Change from flask import Markup to from markupsafe import Markup. If it is a third-party extension (Flask-GoogleMaps, etc.), upgrade the extension; patching your own import takes ten seconds.

The exact error

ImportError: cannot import name 'Markup' from 'flask'

Fix it

1. grep -rn "from flask import" --include=*.py . | grep Markup to find all occurrences.

Expected: list of files

1. Replace with from markupsafe import Markup.

Expected: app imports cleanly, tests pass

1. Extension-owned? pip install -U [extension].

Expected: upstream fix

When this applies

Flask 3.x and anything doing from flask import Markup

When this does NOT apply

Flask < 3 (it warns but works)

Versions

Flask >= 3.0 (deprecated since 2.0)

Why it happens

Flask deprecated re-exporting markupsafe names in 2.0, removed in 3.0.

Edge cases

markupsafe.Markup is the same class; behavior is identical.