Brave Search API free tier: 1 req/sec, so serialize calls and retry 429s

TL;DR

Sleep ~1.1s and retry with backoff instead of declaring the key dead. - Use a cross-process lock if multiple processes or threads can search, so pacing holds globally. - Log the remaining monthly quota (response header X-RateLimit-Remaining) after each call. Read that line before concluding the key is exhausted. - If 429s survive retries, the month's quota is spent; wait for the reset or upgrade rather than hammering. Brave Search API free tier: 1 request/second, 2,000/month.

Fix

1. Sleep ~1.1s and retry with backoff instead of declaring the key dead. - Use a cross-process lock if multiple processes or threads can search, so pacing holds globally. - Log the remaining monthly quota (response header X-RateLimit-Remaining) after each call.

Expected: You get the expected result; the problem is gone.

1. Read that line before concluding the key is exhausted. - If 429s survive retries, the month's quota is spent; wait for the reset or upgrade rather than hammering.

Expected: You get the expected result; the problem is gone.

1. Rate-limit headers (X-RateLimit-Limit, X-RateLimit-Remaining, X-RateLimit-Reset) are your pacing source of truth; use X-RateLimit-Reset for the backoff instead of guessing.

Expected: You get the expected result; the problem is gone.

When to use

• You are setting up or using this Brave Search API free tier feature.
• The symptom matches: 1 req/sec, so serialize calls and retry 429s.

When NOT to use

• Unrelated Brave Search API free tier issues (different feature, different failure).
• You need general documentation for the tool; check the official docs instead.

Compatibility

Reported against Brave Search API free tier.

Variant phrasings

1 req/sec, so serialize calls and retry 429s

Why it happens

Web (agent-config brave-search SKILL.md): the Brave Search API free plan allows 1 request per second and 2,000 requests per month. The documented rule: never issue calls in parallel; one query at a time. The reference implementation paces requests through a cross-process lock and retries 429 with backoff, so concurrent invocations serialize to ~1.1s apiece instead of failing. Every run prints the remaining monthly quota (e.g. "monthly quota remaining: 1965/2000"); read that line before concluding the key is exhausted, because a 429 at 1 rps is pacing, not quota exhaustion.

Edge cases

• If your error message differs even slightly, this is probably a different issue; search the exact text.
• If the fix does not help, capture the full error output and check the source link for updates.