APM trace agent connection refused: point the tracer at the agent with DD_AGENT_HOST

TL;DR: Tracers ship to the Datadog agent on the same host by default. Connection refused means the tracer cannot reach it: wrong DDAGENTHOST in containers, agent APM not enabled, or a firewall in between. Connection refused is always hop one. Fix by environment - Same host: should just work.

The error

app runs, tracer initialized, zero traces in APM. The tracer log (or ddtrace-run --info, or the Node debug log) shows connection refused or timeouts to the trace agent endpoint.

APM trace agent connection refused: the tracer cannot see the agent

Symptom: app runs, tracer initialized, zero traces in APM. The tracer log (or ddtrace-run --info, or the Node debug log) shows connection refused or timeouts to the trace agent endpoint.

The mental model

Every tracer ships spans to the Datadog agent (its trace-agent component), defaulting to the same host. The agent then forwards to Datadog. So APM needs two hops working: app to agent, agent to Datadog. Connection refused is always hop one.

Fix by environment

• Same host: should just work. If refused, the agent is not running or APM is disabled in its config. datadog-agent status first.
• Docker / ECS / Kubernetes: the loopback address inside your app container is NOT the agent. Set DD_AGENT_HOST to the agent container host: the EC2 private IP on ECS (from the instance metadata service), the node IP or a service DNS name on Kubernetes, the gateway IP or service name on plain Docker. The ECS docs show exactly this pattern for both DogStatsD and APM.
• Full control: DD_TRACE_AGENT_URL with the complete URL (scheme, host, port 8126). Useful for proxies and odd networks.
• Lambda: traces go through the Datadog extension, not a local agent. If you pointed the tracer at an agent host on Lambda, unset it.

Confirm

From the app container/host, hit the trace agent port (default 8126) the way the tracer would. Then generate one request and watch the tracer debug log for a successful flush. In the app, APM Services should list the service within a minute or two.

Traps

• Firewalls/security groups between app and agent subnets. The ECS docs warn about this: keep APM/DogStatsD ports off the public internet but open between your tasks.
• DD_AGENT_HOST set globally to a value that is right for one environment and wrong for another (staging vs prod). Per-environment config, not a shared default.
• Sampling confusion: connection works but no traces because the sample rate drops everything. That is a different skill (APM sampling), rule out connectivity first.

When to use this

• You are seeing this exact error message; match the block above, not just part of it.
• The failing call matches the scenario in the title: APM trace agent connection refused.
• You want the fastest verified fix before digging through logs.

When not to use this

• Your error text differs from the block above; close cousins often have different causes.
• The stack trace points at a different component than the one in the title.
• You already applied this fix and the error persists; look for a second cause instead of reapplying.

Compatibility

• Not pinned to a specific version; follows current APM behavior.