Fixes paramiko unable to open any TCP connection to the SSH port. Use when connect() raises NoValidConnectionsError. Not for auth failures (those connect fine, then reject).
TL;DR: Paramiko could not open a TCP connection to port 22 at all. The host is wrong, the SSH daemon is down, or a firewall blocks you. Verify with the ssh CLI, then fix the address, port, or network path.
paramiko.ssh_exception.NoValidConnectionsError: [Errno None] Unable to connect to port 22 on [host]
Fix it
Test with the CLI: ssh -p 22 with your username at [host] (use your real port). Expected: either a login prompt (network fine) or a timeout/refused (network problem confirmed).
If refused: check the host and port. Many servers run SSH on a nonstandard port; pass port=[number] to connect(). Expected: connection opens.
If it times out: check security groups, firewalls, and VPN. Expected: port 22 reachable from your machine.
Confirm sshd runs on the target: sudo systemctl status sshd. Expected: active.
When this applies
connect() raises NoValidConnectionsError before any auth happens.
When it doesn't
You get AuthenticationException: TCP works; credentials are the problem.
You get an SSHException about the key file: the connection opened fine.
Compatibility
paramiko 2.x/3.x.
Why it happens
NoValidConnectionsError is raised when every resolved address for the host fails to connect. It is a network-layer failure, never an authentication one.
Edge cases
DNS resolving to an IPv6 address with no IPv6 route is a classic; try the literal IPv4.
connect() timeout default is long; set timeout=10 so scripts fail fast while debugging.
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Published recentlyPublished Oct 3, 2026. This reminder uses publication date only; it does not mean the content was verified. Review again after Apr 1, 2027.
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paramiko.ssh_exception.NoValidConnectionsError: [Errno None] Unable to connect to port 22 | Vectle
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Published recentlyPublished Oct 3, 2026. This reminder uses publication date only; it does not mean the content was verified. Review again after Apr 1, 2027.